Roger Penrose

Roger Penrose
Beatha
Breith	Colchester (en) , 8 dhen Lùnastal 1931
Dùthaich	Rìoghachd Aonaichte
Teaghlach
Athair	Lionel Penrose
Màthair	Margaret Leathes
Cèile	Joan Isabel Wedge (en) (1959 - 1981); Vanessa Thomas (en) (1988 -
Bràithrean ⁊ peathraichean	liosta Shirley Hodgson; Jonathan Penrose (en) ; Oliver Penrose (en) ;
Sinnsirean	liosta Roland Penrose (en) (uncle (en) );
Foghlam
Foghlam	Colaiste Oilthigh Lunnainn ; Colaiste Naomh Eòin ; Oilthigh Chambridge
Àrd-fhoghlam	Dotair Feallsanachd; honorary degree (en) ; honorary degree (en) ; honorary degree (en) ; Doctor of Science (en)
Stiùiriche an teusais	J. A. Todd (en)
Oileanaich dotaireachd	Claude LeBrun (en) ; Tristan Needham (en) ; Richard Jozsa (en) ; Richard S. Ward (en) ; Andrew Hodges; Asghar Qadir (en) ; Lane P. Hughston (en) ; Tim Poston (en) ; Adam D. Helfer (en) ; Kenneth Paul Tod (en) ; William Shaw (en) ; George A. J. Sparling (en) ; George Burnett-Stuart (en) ; Ross Moore (en) ; Matthew L. Ginsberg (en) ; Peter R. Law (en) ; A. J. Goddard (en) ; John M. McNamara (en) ; Arthur Gary Ryman (en) ; B. P. Jeffryes (en) ; Robert J. Low (en) ; Alejandro Miguel Pilato (en) ; Klaus G. Pulverer (en) ; Thomas R. Hurd (en) ; Alexander S. Popovic (en) ; Robert James Baston (en) ; Michael C. Sheppard (en) ; Stephen A. Huggett (en) ; John P. Moussouris (en) ; Toby N. Bailey (en) ; P. E. Jones (en) ; Simon Williams (en) ; Michael A. Singer (en)
Cànain	Beurla
Luchd-teagaisg	W. V. D. Hodge (en) ; Hermann Bondi (en) ; Paul Dirac; Dennis W. Sciama (en)
Dreuchd
Dreuchd	matamataigear, fiosaigiche, feallsanaiche, neach-teagaisg oilthigh, reul-eòlaiche, reul-fhiosaigiche agus matamataigear
Fastaichean	Gresham College (en) ; Rice University (en) ; Oilthigh-stàite Pennsylvania ; Colaiste an Rìgh ann an Lunnainn ; Birkbeck, Oilthigh Lunnainn ; Oilthigh Texas ann an Austin ; Oilthigh Leiden (2011 - 2011); Oilthigh Leiden (2011 -
Duaisean a fhuaras	liosta Ball den Chomann Rìoghail (1972) ; Bonn Copley (2008) ; Am Bonn Rìoghail (1985) ; Adams Prize (1966) ; Eddington Medal (1975) ; IOP Dirac Medal (1989) ; Albert Einstein Medal ; Naylor Prize and Lectureship ; Helmholtz Medal (1998) ; Karl Schwarzschild Medal (2000) ; Marcel Grossmann Award (2000) ; Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectureship (2000) ; Order of Merit (2000) ; De Morgan Medal (2004) ; Amaldi Medal (2004) ; Fonseca Prize (2011) ; Wolf Prize in Physics (1988) ; Silver Dirac Medal for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics (2006) ; honorary doctor of the University of Warsaw (2005) ; honorary doctor of the Catholic University of Louvain (2005) ; Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics (1971) ; Knight Bachelor (1994) ; Pomeranchuk Prize (2019) ; Commander of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland ; Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag (2020) ; Dalton Medal (2005) ; Clarivate Citation Laureates (2008) ;
Buaidh	Dennis W. Sciama (en)
Ballrachd	An Comann Rìoghail; Acadamh nan Lincei; Acadamh Nàiseanta nan Saidheans; Humanists UK (en) ; Oxford University Scientific Society (en) ; Acadamh Phòlainneach nan Saidheansan; Acadamh Aimeireaga nan Ealan is nan Saidheans; International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation (en)
Creideamh
Creideamh	agnostachd
IMDb	nm0672295

'S e matamataigear à Sasainn a tha ann an Roger Penrose. Rugadh e ann an Colchester 8 an Lùnastal 1931 ach chuir a theaghlach an cogadh seachad ann an Canada. Thill iad gu Sasainn agus dh'ionnsaich e matamataig aig Colaiste Oilthigh Lunnainn is sgrìobh e a thràchdas aig Oilthigh Chambridge far an do dh'obraich e air ailseabra loidhneach. Mhìnich e mùiteach nas coitchinne airson meatragsan. Dh'obraich e an sin aig Colaiste Bhedford Lunnainn agus a-rithist ann an Cambridge. Ann an 1959 chuir e dà bhliadhna seachad anns na Stàitean Aonaichte is sgrìobh e aistean mu dhàimheachd choitcheann. Chaidh e na ollamh Rouse Ball aig Oilthigh Oxford ann an 1973. Lorg e pàtran leacach, am pàtran leacach Penrose, nach e ath-thriallach ach a lìonas spàs. Tha e cuideachd an sàs ann an saidheans poblach, mar eisimpleir ann an leabhraichean mar The Emperor's New Mind (1989) is Shadows of the Mind (1994).^[1]

Connspaid[deasaich | deasaich an tùs]

Dh'iarr Penrose agus a chompanaidh Pentaplex òrdugh-bacaidh an aghaidh Kimberley-Clark air sgàth 's gun do chleachd iad am pàtran leacach Penrose airson pàipear an taighe-bhig.^[2]

Urraman[deasaich | deasaich an tùs]

Chaidh a thaghadh mar bhall dhen Comann Rìoghail ann an 1972 is chaidh na ridire ann an 1994.^[3] Bhuannaich e an Duais Nobel ann am Fiosaigs ann an 2020 còmhla ri Andrea Ghez agus Reinhard Genzel airson na h-obrach aca air tuill-dhubha.^[4]

Iomraidhean[deasaich | deasaich an tùs]

↑ O'Connor, J J ⁊ Robertson, E F (An t-Sultain 2009): “Roger Penrose”. MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. Oilthigh Chill Rìmhinn. Air a thogail 7mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.
↑ “Kleenex art that ended in tears”. 12mh dhen Ghiblean 1997. Air a thogail 8mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.
↑ “Roger Penrose”. Comann Rìoghail. Air a thogail 7mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.
↑ “Roger Penrose - Facts”. Nobel Media AB. Air a thogail 7mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.

Duais Nobel ann am Fiosaigs

1901: Röntgen 1902: Lorentz, Zeeman 1903: Becquerel, M. Curie, P. Curie 1904: Rayleigh 1905: Lenard 1906: Thomson 1907: Michelson 1908: Lippmann 1909: Braun, Marconi 1910: van der Waals 1911: Wien 1912: Dalén 1913: Kamerlingh Onnes 1914: von Laue 1915: W. H. Bragg, W. L. Bragg 1917: Barkla 1918: Planck 1919: Stark 1920: Guillaume 1921: Einstein 1922: Bohr 1923: Milliken 1924: M. Siegbahn 1925: Franck, Hertz 1926: Perrin 1927: Compton, Wilson 1928: Richardson 1929: de Broglie 1930: Raman 1932: Heisenberg 1933: Dirac, Schrödinger 1935: Chadwick 1936: Hess, Anderson 1937: Davisson, Thomson 1938: Fermi 1939: Lawrence 1943: Stern 1944: Rabi 1945: Pauli 1946: Bridgman 1947: Appleton 1948: Blackett 1949: Yukawa 1950: Powell 1951: Cockcroft, Walton 1952: Bloch, Purcell 1953: Zernike 1954: Born, Bothe 1955: Lamb, Kusch 1956: Shockley, Bardeen, Brattain 1957: Yang, Lee 1958: Cherenkov, Frank, Tamm 1959: Segrè, Chamberlain 1960: Glaser 1961: Hofstadter, Mössbauer 1962: Landau 1963: Goeppert-Mayer, Jensen, Wigner 1964: Townes, Basov, Prokhorov 1965: Tomonaga, Schwinger, Feynman 1966: Kastler 1967: Bethe 1968: Alvarez 1969: Gell-Mann 1970: Alfvén, Néel 1971: Gabor 1972: Bardeen, Cooper, Schrieffer 1973: Esaki, Giaever, Josephson 1974: Ryle, Hewish 1975: Bohr, Mottelson, Rainwater 1976: Richter, Ting 1977: Anderson, Mott, van Vleck 1978: Kapitsa, Penzias, Wilson 1979: Glashow, Salam, Weinberg 1980: Cronin, Fitch 1981: Bloembergen, Schawlow, K. Siegbahn 1982: Wilson 1983: Chandrasekhar, Fowler 1984: Rubbia, van der Meer 1985: von Klitzing 1986: Ruska, Binnig, Rohrer 1987: Bednorz, Müller 1988: Lederman, Schwartz, Steinberger 1989: Ramsey, Dehmelt, Paul 1990: Friedman, Kendall, Taylor 1991: de Gennes 1992: Charpak 1993: Hulse, Taylor 1994: Brockhouse, Shull 1995: Perl, Reines 1996: Lee, Osheroff, Richardson 1997: Chu, Cohen-Tannoudji, Phillips 1998: Laughlin, Störmer, Tsui 1999: 't Hooft, Veltman 2000: Alferov, Kroemer, Kilby 2001: Cornell, Ketterle, Wieman 2002: Davis, Koshiba, Giacconi 2003: Abrikosov, Ginzburg, Leggett 2004: Gross, Politzer, Wilczek 2005: Glauber, Hall, Hänsch 2006: Mather, Smoot 2007: Fert, Grünberg 2008: Nambu, Kobayashi, Maskawa 2009: Kao, Boyle, Smith 2010: Novoselov, Geim 2011: Perlmutter, Riess, Schmidt 2012; Wineland, Haroche 2013: Englert, Higgs 2014: Akasaki, Amano, Nakamura 2015: Kajita, McDonald 2016: Thouless, Haldane, Kosterlitz 2017: Weiss, Barish, Thorne 2018: Ashkin, Mourou, Strickland 2019: Peebles, Mayor, Queloz 2020: Penrose, Genzel, Ghez 2021: Manabe, Hasselmann, Parisi 2022: Aspect, Clauser, Zeilinger

[1] O'Connor, J J ⁊ Robertson, E F (An t-Sultain 2009): “Roger Penrose”. MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. Oilthigh Chill Rìmhinn. Air a thogail 7mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.

[2] “Kleenex art that ended in tears”. 12mh dhen Ghiblean 1997. Air a thogail 8mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.

[comann_rìoghail-3] “Roger Penrose”. Comann Rìoghail. Air a thogail 7mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.

[4] “Roger Penrose - Facts”. Nobel Media AB. Air a thogail 7mh dhen Dàmhair 2020.

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