Owain Glyndŵr

'S e Owain Glyndŵr (1355 – mu 1415) Prionnsa na Cuimrigh mu dheireadh a rugadh anns a' Chuimrigh fhèin. Tha Owain Glyndŵr (Cuimris: [ˈoʊain ɡlɨ̞nˈduːr]) aithnichte cuideachd fo na h-ainmean Owain Glyn Dŵr neo Owen Glendower sa Bheurla. Bha e na phrionnsa eadar 1401 is 1416. Thòisich e aramach Cuimreach an aghaidh Henry IV Sasainn. Aig deireadh na 19mh linn fhuair e inbhe mar athair nàiseantachas Cuimreach leis a' bhuidheann Young Wales (Cymru Fydd). Bhon àm sin tha e na gaisgeach do na Cuimrich. Tha an t-Oilthigh "Glyndŵr University" anns a' Chuimrigh ainmichte a rèir Owain Glyndŵr

Beatha tràth

Rugadh Glyndŵr ann an teaghlach Angla-Chuimreach ann an 1355. Bha an teaghlach aige caran beartach agus bha fearann aca ann an ceann an ear-dheas na Chuimrigh. Fhuair e a chuid foghlam ann an Sasainn agus chuir e ùine seachad anns an arm Breatannach. Ghabh e pàirt ann an ionnsaidh an aghaidh Alba agus an uair sin chaidh e air ais don Chuimrigh. Bha e na neach leantainn do Richard II, rìgh Shasainn. Ach nuair a chaill Richard a' chumhachd aige chaidh cuid dhen fhearainn a bha aig Glyndŵr a thoirt air falbh le Reginald Grey, 3mh Baran Grey de Ruthyn, neach-leantainn Henry IV a bha a' fàs na bu treasa aig an àm ud.

Aramach

Bha Owain Glyndŵr ag iarraidh cuideachadh bho Henry IV gus am fearainn aige fhaighinn air ais ach dhiùilt Henry sin a dhèanamh. Agus cha tug Glyndŵr saighdearan do Henry airson ionnsaigh eile an aghaidh Alba, mar sin bha Grey dhen bheachd gum b' e brathadair a bh' ann an Glyndŵr. Chuir Glyndŵr roimhe a dhol an aghaidh Henry IV, agus tòisich e ionnsaighean an aghaidh Grey agus bailtean anns na crìochan gu Sasainn. Ged a bha feachdan Henry IV a' sabaid an aghaidh Glyndŵr, gus a' chumhachd fhaighinn air ais, cha do thachair sin ach an dearbh-chaochladh: dh’fhàs aramach aramach an aghaidh Sasainn na bu treasa is na bu treasa. Anns an t-Sultain 1400 chuir Owain Glyndŵr fhèin an tiotal "Prionnsa na Cuimrigh" dha fhèin.

In April 1401 Glyndŵr's army captured Conwy Castle. The next year, at the Battle of Bryn Glas, also known as the Battle of Pillethl, Glyndŵr defeated the English army, and captured its leader, Edmund Mortimer. By 1404 a French army had landed, and together with the Welsh army they attacked Worcester.

by 1408 the English forces were able to defeat the Welsh, and support for the rebellion collapsed. Glyndŵr still kept up attacks and raids on the English, but this was more of a guerrilla campaign than a full scale revolt. The last mention of Glyndŵr is when the English offered terms if he surrendered in 1416. It is believed that he was already dead.

Family

Owain married Margaret Hanmer (Teamplaid:Lang-cy). Her father was Sir David Hanmer. Margaret had five sons and four daughters with Owain. These children were:

• Gruffudd - He was born around the year 1375. He was captured by the English people and had to live in Nottington Castle. He was then taken to the Tower of London in 1410. He died in jail in 1912 from the bubonic plague.
• Madog
• Maredudd
• Thomas
• John
• Alys, married Sir John Scudamore in secret during the rebellion. After the rebellion, Alys and Scudamore lived in Kentchurch.
• Jane
• Janet - She married Sir John de Croft of Croft Castle
• Margaret - She married Sir Richard Monnington

All of Owain's sons either died while fighting in war, taken prisoner and died as prisoners, or died with no children of their own. Owain also had children from other women who were not his wife. They were named: David, Gwenllian, Ieuan, and Myfanwy.

After his death

Tudor Dynasty

After Owain died, most people did not care if the English people ruled the country anymore. During the time of the Tudor's, men from Wales, called Welshmen, started to become more famous in English society.

A hero in Wales

A drawing of Owain Glyndŵr when he was seen by William Blake during a vision. This drawing is part of a group of other drawings called Visionary Heads.

Many people forgot about how important Owain was until the 1800's, when people started to celebrate his life. The "Young Wales" group made him the symbol of Welsh nationalism. Things that were owned by Owain were found in the National Library of France during this time period. They found his "Great Seal" and letters he had written to French people. A statue of him was made and put at Cardiff City Hall during World War I. Postcards were sold Owain on them. The postcards were sold to make money to help soldiers who were injured in war.

In 1808, the Royal Navy named a Fifth-rate frigate after Owain. It was called the HMS Owen Glendower. The boat served in the Gunboat War. It helped take over island of Anholt. During the years 1822 and 1824, the boat was in the West Africa Squadron, where it chased slave ships. It captured two ships.

Statue of Owain Glyndwr in Corwen

Nationally, Owain is as famous as King Arthur. Organizations use his name and drawings of him as their symbols to celebrate Wales as a country and Welsh culture. In the 1980s, a group of people called "Meibion Glyndŵr" burned down vacation homes owned by English people. They used Owain as their logo. In the year 2000, parties were held across Wales to celebrate the 600th anniversary of Owain's revolt. In 1974 and 2008, stamps were made with Owain on them. There is an award that is given every year for arts and writing called the Glyndŵr Award. The band Manic Street Preachers wrote a song about Owain in 2007 called "1404". There are many statues throughout Wales of Owain.

There is a building at the University of Cape Town, called Glendower Residence, that is named after Owain. It used to be a hotel, and is now where students live.